Centralization- is the systematic and consistent reservation of authority at central points in the organization. In centralization, the decision-making capability lies with a few selected employees. The implications of centralization are
● Decision making power is reserved at the top level.
● Operating authority lies with the mid-level managers.
● Operation at lower level is directed by the top level.
Almost every important decision and operational activities at the lower level are taken by the top management.
Decentralization- is a systematic distribution of authority at all levels of management. In a decentralized entity, major decisions are taken by the top management to build the policies concerning the entire organization. Remaining authority is delegated to the mid- and lower-level managers.
