General Concepts 8 min read
Pneumatic Gaging
Pneumatic gages have pressurized air exiting gage orifices. The air velocity differential or backpressure is a function of the separation…
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International Business Management 2 min read
Hedging Forex Risks – Internal Techniques
Internal techniques to manage/reduce forex exposure include the following − ● Invoice in Home Currency − An easy way is to insist that all…
International Business Management 1 min read
Foreign Exchange Risks
There are three types of risks associated with foreign exchange – ● Transaction risk − This is the risk of an exchange rate change…
General Concepts 2 min read
Descriptions of the Relatively Mature Measuring Techniques
The following descriptions will also refer to some of the relevant vendors, whose addresses are found in Table 7.2. Additional…
International Business Management 1 min read
Sources of Funds
● Export-Import Banks − These banks provide two types of loans − Direct loans to foreign buyers of exports, and Intermediary loans to responsible parties,…
International Business Management 1 min read
Funding the International Business
Funding is the act of acquiring resources, either money (financing) or other values such as effort or time (sweat equity),…
General Concepts 4 min read
Optical Encoder Displacement Sensors
The detection of angular and linear motion is a key function in a multitude of systems such as machine tools,…
International Business Management 1 min read
Factors for Investment Decisions
MNCs want to minimize the cost and maximize their economies of scale. They invest in different locations to operate better…
International Business Management 2 min read
International Investment Outcomes
International corporations have shaped the global economy in the 20th century. Now, any of the world’s Top 100 or global…
General Concepts 2 min read
Two-Frequency Heterodyne Interferometer
Figure 6.50 shows the commercially available two-frequency Michelson interferometer operating with a Zeeman-stabilized He–Ne laser source. This laser emits two…
International Business Management 1 min read
Foreign Investment by International Companies
The proliferation of MNCs began 200 years back, but then, foreign investments were quite limited. Investments were made through portfolio…
International Business Management 2 min read
Factors Causing Globalization of Businesses
There are many factors related to the change of technology, international policies, and cultural assimilation that initiated the process of…
