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Bridge Circuits

No text on electrical metering could be called complete without a section on bridge circuits. These ingenious circuits make use…

Electronic Output Displays

Display devices are the output devices for presentation of information in text or image form. An output device is a…

OSCILLOSCOPE

There are broadly two types of oscilloscope named as analogue oscilloscope and digital oscilloscope where the difference between both is well ill-starred…

DIGITAL VOLTMETERS

The digital voltmeter (DVM) displays measurements of dc or ac voltages as discrete numerals instead of a pointer deflection on…

Digital Filters

Compared to their analog counterparts, digital filters offer outstanding performance and flexibility. Designing digital filters can seem a daunting task,…

Analog Filters

A filter can be defined with reference to various fields such as chemistry, optics, engineering, turbulence modelling, engineering, computing, philosophy,…

PC BASED DATA ACQUISITION

Whether you are designing automated test systems, or performing research in a laboratory, our range of PC-based data acquisition hardware…

Basic Principles of Instrument Calibration

Aggregation of Errors from Separate Measurement System Components

A measurement system often consists of several separate components, each of which is subject to errors. Therefore, what remains to…

Reduction of systematic errors

The prerequisite for the reduction of systematic errors is a complete analysis of the measurement system that identifies all sources…

sources of systematic error

Systematic error (also called systematic bias) is consistent, repeatable error associated with faulty equipment or a flawed experiment design. These errors are usually caused…

Digital Instrument

The instrument which represents the measurand value in the form of the digital number is known as the digital instruments. It…