Model formulation
The DHRL model formulation is summarized in this section. Readers are referred…
Critical Assessment of Hybrid RANS-LES Modeling for Attached and Separated Flows
Introduction Turbulent shear flows, including attached boundary layers and separated shear layers,…
Buoyancy
WHAT MAKES A HOT-AIR BALLOON OR A BLIMP FLOAT? Hot-air balloons and…
Air is Stuff
Air is not just empty space—it has substance, or mass. Air has…
Gravity Keeps Us Down to Earth
WHAT IS GRAVITY? Gravity holds us to the surface of the Earth…
Gravity & Air
Understanding the basics—gravity and air—is key. To rise above it all, you…
We Aren’t Built to Fly
WE JUST AREN’T BUILT TO FLY Birds inspired our first attempts to…
The Four Forces
FOUR FORCES AFFECT THINGS THAT FLY: 1. Weight is the force of gravity. It…
Forces of Flight
Understanding how things fly begins by learning about the Four Forces of…
Shaped for Space
HOW DOES SPACE AFFECT STRUCTURE? If a spacecraft flies only in space…


