The balance of entropy
The entropy is a thermodynamic variable of state; an extensive quantity. It…
The principle of conservation of energy
Any material system is characterized by its energy content. Energy occupies a…
The balance of kinetic energy
Let Ek denote the kinetic energy of a material volume: Although the kinetic energy…
The balance of angular momentum
The principle of conservation of angular momentum belongs to the axioms of…
The balance of momentum
Newton’s second law of motion is perhaps the most important statement in…
The transport theorem
The material derivative of a volume integral over a volume of flowing…
Relationships between the acceleration- and the vorticity fields
Important relationships can be obtained for the fluid flow by examining some…
Rotational motion, vorticity field
In order to illustrate this concept, we consider a typical fluid element…
Motion of an infinitesimal fluid particle
Imagine an infinitesimal rectangular fluid particle of fixed identity in a flowing…


