General Concepts 3 min read
Gradient Coils
Three gradient fields, one each for the x, y, and z directions of a Cartesian coordinate system, are used to…
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Fringing Fields
A large, powerful magnet produces a strong magnetic field in the region surrounding it as well as in its interior.…
General Concepts 2 min read
Magnetic Field Homogeneity
The necessary degree of spatial uniformity of the field can be achieved only by carefully placing the coils at specific…
General Concepts 3 min read
Superconducting Magnets
Since the early 1980s, the use of cryogenically cooled superconducting magnets [Wilson, 1983] has been the most satisfactory solution to…
General Concepts 1 min read
Resistive Magnets
The first whole-body scanners, manufactured in the late 1970s and early 1980s, used four to six large coils of copper…
General Concepts 2 min read
Permanent Magnets and Electromagnets
Both these magnet types use magnetized materials to produce the field that is applied to the patient. In a permanent…
General Concepts 2 min read
Static Field Magnets
The main field magnet [Thomas, 1993] is required to produce an intense and highly uniform, static magnetic field over the…
General Concepts 2 min read
Fundamentals of MRI Instrumentation
Three types of magnetic fields — main fields or static fields (B2), gradient fields, an radiofrequency (RF) fields (B1) —…
General Concepts 2 min read
Defining Terms
Gyromagnetic ratio γ : An intrinsic property of a nucleus. It determines the Larmor frequency through the relation ω0 = −γ B0 .…
General Concepts 4 min read
Contrast Mechanisms
The tremendous clinical utility of MRI is due to the great variety of mechanisms that can be exploited to create…
General Concepts 2 min read
Fast Imaging
The 2D FT scan of k-space has the disadvantage that the scan time is proportional to the number of phase…
General Concepts 2 min read
SNR Considerations
The signal strength is determined by the EMF induced from each voxel due to the processing moments. The magnetic moment…