Endocrine System
The endocrine system produces hormones that function to control and regulate many different body processes. The endocrine system coordinates with the nervous system to control the functions of the other…
The Circulatory System
The circulatory system is a network of vessels—the arteries, veins, and capillaries—and a pump, the heart. In all vertebrate organisms this is a closed-loop system, in which the blood is…
Circulatory and Respiratory Systems
Animals are complex multicellular organisms that require a mechanism for transporting nutrients throughout their bodies and removing wastes. The human circulatory system has a complex network of blood vessels that…
Obesity
With obesity at high rates in the United States, there is a public health focus on reducing obesity and associated health risks, which include diabetes, colon and breast cancer, and…
Nutrition
The following video looks at both common and more obscure minerals often found in vitamin supplements and how they function. The human diet should be well balanced to provide nutrients…
Digestive System
All living organisms need nutrients to survive. While plants can obtain nutrients from their roots and the energy molecules required for cellular function through the process of photosynthesis, animals obtain…
Excretory System
The human excretory system functions to remove waste from the body through the skin as sweat, the lungs in the form of exhaled carbon dioxide, and through the urinary system…
Introduction to the Body’s Systems
Figure 11.1 An arctic fox is a complex animal, well adapted to its environment. (credit: Keith Morehouse, USFWS) The arctic fox, a complex animal that has adapted to its environment,…
Proteomics
Proteins are the final products of genes that perform the function encoded by the gene. Proteins are composed of amino acids and play important roles in the cell. All enzymes…
Genomics in Forensic Analysis & Agriculture
Genomics in Forensic Analysis Information and clues obtained from DNA samples found at crime scenes have been used as evidence in court cases, and genetic markers have been used in…
