Basics 3 min read
India Defence Technology
The responsibility of developing India’s defense technology is assigned to the DRDO, i.e., the Defence Research and Development Organization. The…
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Basics 2 min read
India Nuclear Program
India’s first nuclear program started in 1967. On May 18, 1974, India conducted its first nuclear weapon test. The first…
Basics 1 min read
Nuclear Energy by Country
Globally, there are about 31 countries in which nuclear power plants are functional. However, a few countries, such as France,…
Basics 2 min read
Nuclear Energy in India
Important Points About Nuclear Power in India Consider the following points about Nuclear Power in India − · Nuclear power in…
Basics 3 min read
Nuclear Technology
The energy released by the change in the nucleus of atoms is known as nuclear energy. The changes in the…
Basics 3 min read
Ocean Technology
More than 70 percent of the Earth’s area is covered by water (water in Oceans) and it is a great…
Basics 3 min read
Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology or simply ‘nanotech’ is the engineering of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale. The credit of propagation…
Basics 3 min read
Biotechnology
Biotechnology is that branch of science which gained popularity in the 1970s. This is a Science which through different biological…
Material Science 7 min read
Types of Polymers/plastics
Thermosetting plastics (thermosets) are polymer materials that cure, through the addition of energy, to a stronger form. The energy may be in the form of heat (generally above 200 degrees Celsius), through a chemical reaction (two-part epoxy, for example), or irradiation. Thermoset materials are usually liquid, powder, or malleable prior to curing, and designed to be molded into their final form, or used as adhesives. The curing process transforms the resin into a plastic or rubber by a cross-linking process. Energy and/or catalysts are added that cause the molecular chains to react at chemically active sites (unsaturated or epoxy sites, for example), linking into…
Material Science 4 min read
Applications and Processing of Polymers/ Plastics
Plastic covers a range of synthetic or semisynthetic polymerization products. They are composed of organic condensation or addition polymers and may contain other substances to improve performance or economics. There are few natural polymers generally considered to be “plastics”. Plastics can be formed into objects or films or fibers. Their name is derived from the fact that many are malleable, having the property of plasticity. Plastic can be classified in many ways but most commonly by their polymer backbone (polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, acrylic, silicone, urethane, etc.). Other classifications include thermoplastic vs. thermoset, elastomer, engineering plastic, addition or condensation, and Glass transition temperature or Tg. A lot of plastics are partially crystalline and partially amorphous in molecular structure, giving them both a melting point (the temperature at which the attractive intermolecular forces are overcome) and one or more glass transitions (temperatures at which the degree of cross-linking is substantially reduced). Plastics are polymers: long chains of atoms bonded to one another. These chains are made up of many repeating molecular units, or “monomers”. The vast majority of plastics are composed of polymers of carbon alone or with oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine…
