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The perfect fluid
The fundamental property which distinguishes a fluid from other continuous media is that it cannot be in equilibrium in the…
Mechanical equilibrium of fluids
This equation places a restriction on the body forces. Mechanical equilibrium can exist only if the body force field satisfies…
The balance of entropy
The entropy is a thermodynamic variable of state; an extensive quantity. It cannot be experienced directly; as a derived variable…
The principle of conservation of energy
Any material system is characterized by its energy content. Energy occupies a position of distinction amongst the other extensive variables.…
The balance of kinetic energy
Let Ek denote the kinetic energy of a material volume: Although the kinetic energy is an extensive variable it is not a…
The balance of angular momentum
The principle of conservation of angular momentum belongs to the axioms of mechanics. In spite of its general validity it…
The balance of momentum
Newton’s second law of motion is perhaps the most important statement in the field of dynamics. As is well-known this states that…
The transport theorem
The material derivative of a volume integral over a volume of flowing fluid