Basics
The Need for Clocked Circuits
Over the last two sessions, we have explained the basics of logic circuits. In our previous session, we…
September 4, 2021 · senseadminBasics
Basics
Flip-Flops and SRAM
A flip-flop can store 1 bit of information: either it’s at H or it’s at L. Accordingly, SRAM…
September 4, 2021 · senseadminBasics
Clocked D Flip-Flop
The D flip-flop captures the value of the D input at the time of the rising edge (L→H)…
September 4, 2021 · senseadminBasics
Why Do We Call Them ” Flip-Flops” ?
Because they flip between two stable states, in the manner of a seesaw that comes to rest on…
September 4, 2021 · senseadminBasics
Photolithography
In order to alter specific locations on a wafer, a photoresist layer is first applied (as described in…
September 4, 2021 · senseadminBasics
Deposition
In a process known as film deposition, a thin film of some substance is deposited onto the wafer…
September 4, 2021 · senseadminBasics
Making a base wafer
The substrate material, or base wafer, on which ICs are built is a semiconductor, such as silicon or…
September 4, 2021 · senseadminBasics
Digital design
Since digital circuits involve millions of times as many components as analog circuits, much of the design work…
September 4, 2021 · senseadminBasics
Analog design
As mentioned earlier, an analog circuit takes an infinitely variable real-world voltage or current and modifies it in…
September 4, 2021 · senseadminBasics
Bipolar transistors
Bipolar transistors simultaneously use holes and electrons to conduct, hence their name (from “two polarities”). Like FETs, bipolar…
September 4, 2021 · senseadmin