Category: Digital Communication.

Noise considerations in PCM Systems

Types of Quantizers

·         Uniform ·         Non uniform quantization Uniform Quantizer: In Uniform type, the quantization levels are uniformly spaced, whereasin non-uniform type the spacing between…

Differential PCM

For the samples that are highly correlated, when encoded by PCM technique, leave redundant information behind. To process this redundant…

Quantization

The digitization of analog signals involves the rounding off of the values which are approximately equal to the analog values.…

Bandwidth

We all know that most signals are transmitted in terms of electromagnetic or radio waves. As we have come across…

Noise

any communication system, during the transmission of the signal, or while receiving the signal, some unwanted signal gets introduced into…

Pulse Code Modulation (PCM)

This type of modulation is different from all modulations learnt so far. It is clear from the block diagram given…

Pulse Position Modulation

In this type of modulation, both the amplitude and width of the pulse are kept constant. We vary the position…

Pulse Time Modulation (PTM)

Here the pulses will have the same amplitude. However, one of their timing characteristics is made proportional to the amplitude…

Pulse Width Modulation

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) or Pulse Duration Modulation (PDM) or Pulse Time Modulation (PTM) is an analog modulating scheme in which the duration or width…

Types of Pulse Amplitude Modulation

There are two major types of PAMs: Single polarity PAM: Here, an appropriate fixed DC bias is integrated with the signal…

Pulse Amplitude Modulation

Pulse amplitude modulation is defined as the data transmission by altering the amplitudes (power levels or voltage) of every pulse…