materials and metallurgy 2 min read
Nitriding
Large gear for an industrial application nitrided to a 0.040″ case depth. Gear measures 12′ in diameter by 12′ tall…
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Carburizing
Carburizing Heat Treatment for Machined Gears, Machined Parts and StampingsCarburizing steel produces a hard, carbon-rich case on the outer surface…
materials and metallurgy 3 min read
What Is Case Hardening
Case hardening is a technique in which the metal surface is reinforced by the adding of a fine layer at…
materials and metallurgy 2 min read
Martempering/Marquenching
Marquenching/Martempering is a form of heat treatment applied as an interrupted quench of steels typically in a molten salt bath…
materials and metallurgy 2 min read
Austempering
Austempering is a heat treating process for medium-to-high carbon ferrous metals which produces a metallurgical structure called bainite. It is…
materials and metallurgy 6 min read
Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams
In the last column, we discussed the construction and application of Time Temperature Transformation or Isothermal Transformation diagrams. It was…
materials and metallurgy 14 min read
I-T Diagram and Cooling Curves
Phase Diagrams are limited in their usefulness because they can only predict the microstructure that will result for equilibrium conditions,…
materials and metallurgy 1 min read
MARTEMPERING AND AUSTEMPERING
It will be readily appreciated that the quenching operation used in hardening introduces internal stresses into the steel. These can…
materials and metallurgy 1 min read
TEMPERING
Tempering is essential after most hardening operations to restore some toughness to the structure. It is frequently performed as an…
materials and metallurgy 3 min read
NORMALISING
Also used to soften and relieve internal stresses after cold work and to refine the grain size and m etallurgical…
materials and metallurgy 5 min read
ANNEALING
Annealing is a heat treatment procedure involving heating the alloy and holding it at a certain temperature (annealin g temperature),…
materials and metallurgy 3 min read
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF HEAT TREATMENT
Heat treatment of a metal or alloy is a technological procedure, including controlled heating and cooling operations, conducted for the…
