Category: Surveying.

Ranging Out Survey Lines

While measuring the survey lines, the chain or the tape has to be stretched along the survey line along that…

Plane table survey

Plane table survey is that type of survey in which the measurement of survey lines of the transverse a of…

Levelling and Principle of leveling

Levelling may be defined as the art of determining the relative height or elevants of points or objects on the earth’s…

Theodolite survey

The theodolite is the most precise instrument used for measurement of horizontal and vertical angles. It can also be used…

Compass survey

When the area to be surveyed is large, chain and compass surveying is preferable. A compass is used to measure the…

Calculation of Areas from offsets to a Base line

The area may be calculated by the rule: ·         ü Mid-ordinate Rule ·         ü Average ordinate Rule ·         ü Trapezoidal rule ·         ü Simpson’s Rule 1.Mid-ordinate rule: Area…

Advantages and Disadvantages of chain surveying Advantages:

·         ü Chain surveying is suitable for fairly level ground ·         ü It does not require costly equipments ·         ü It is used for preparing plans…

Instruments used for chain surveying

The various instruments used in chain surveying are as follows.  ·         ü chain ·         ü arrows ·         ü pegs ·         ü ranging rods ·         ü offset rods ·         ü plumb bob 1. …

 Measurement of Distance with Chains or Tapes

Measurement of distances using chain or tape is termed as chaining. This is the accurate and commonly employed method in surveying:…

Chain Surveying – Instruments used in Chaining

Chain survey is suitable when Area to be surveyed is comparatively small and the Ground is fairly level. Chain survey can also…

Compass Surveying and How to use a Compass

Compass is an instrument which can be used to measure the direction of a survey line with respect to magnetic north-south. The…

Procedure of chain surveying