Different Types Of Error Detection Techniques:
a. Redundancy
b. Echoplex
c. Exact count encoding
d. Parity
e. Check sum
f. Vertical Redundancy Check
g. Horizontal Redundancy Check
h. Cyclic Redundancy Check
Circumstances of M-ary signaling schemes are preferred over binary Schemes:
Binary schemes transmit only one bit at a time. M-ary schemes transmit log2 M bit at a time. When available channel bandwidth is less, then M-ary schemes are used. M ary schemes require less bandwidth compared to binary schemes. For example binary PSK requires a bandwidth of 2fb. But M-ary PSK requires a bandwidth of 2fb.
The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Series Communication
Advantages:
Number of transmission lines is less Used for long distance communication Low cost
Disadvantages:
Speed is low