Surveying 1 min read
More Useful Measurement Units
The E indicates an exponent, as in scientific notation, followed by a positive or negative number, representing the power of…
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Surveying 2 min read
Measurement-Units
Weight Calculator Standard conversion factors INCH = 25.4 MILLIMETRE FOOT = 0.3048 METRE YARD = 0.9144 METRE MILE = 1.6093…
Surveying 2 min read
METHODS OF CONTOURING
Contouring needs the determination of elevation of various points on the ground and at the same the horizontal positions of…
Surveying 5 min read
Mapping and Contouring
MAPPING After completing field work in chain survey and compass survey lot of office work is involved to prepare the…
Surveying 4 min read
TOTAL STATION
It is combination of EDM instrument and electronic theodolite. It is also integrated with microprocessor, electronic data collector and storage…
Surveying 3 min read
ELECTROMAGNETIC DISTANCE MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
Sun light or artificially generated electromagnetic waves consists of waves of different lengths. The spectrum of an electromagnetic wave Among…
Surveying 1 min read
Measurement of Vertical Angle
Horizontal sight is taken as zero vertical angle. Angle of elevations are noted as +ve angles and angle of depression as…
Surveying 3 min read
Use of Theodolite
Theodolite is used for measuring horizontal and vertical angles. For this the theodolite should be centered on the desired station point, levelled…
Surveying 4 min read
Parts of a Vernier Theodolite
Shows a sectional view of a typical Vernier theodolite and plate 16.1 shows photograph of such theodolite. Main parts of…
Surveying 1 min read
Modern Tools of Surveying
Theodolite is an instrument which replaced compass and level. It can measure both horizontal and vertical angles. If telescope is…
Surveying 3 min read
TYPES OF DIRECT LEVELLING
The following are the different types of direct levelling: (i) Simple levelling (ii) Differential levelling (iii) Fly levelling (iv) Profile levelling…
Surveying 2 min read
TEMPORARY ADJUSTMENTS OF A LEVEL
The adjustments to be made at every setting of the instrument are called temporary adjustments. The following three adjustments are…
