Genetic Engineering 3 min read
What are Plasmids?
Essentially, plasmids are small, circular molecules of DNA that are capable of replicating independently. As such, they do not rely…
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Genetic Engineering 5 min read
Restriction Modification System
Phage (or viruses) invade all types of cells. Bacteria are one favorite target. Defense mechanisms have been developed by bacteria…
Genetic Engineering 3 min read
How does genetic engineering work?
To help explain the process of genetic engineering we have taken the example of insulin, a protein? that helps regulate the sugar…
Genetic Engineering 1 min read
What is genetic engineering?
· Genetic engineering, sometimes called genetic modification, is the process of altering the DNA? in an organism’s genome?. · This may mean changing one base pair? (A-T…
Basics 2 min read
Measurements and the Metric System
Measurements and the Metric System Measurement Unit Abbreviation Metric Equivalent Approximate Standard Equivalent Length nanometer nm 1 nm = 10−9 m…
Basics 4 min read
Organogenesis and Vertebrate Formation
Gastrulation leads to the formation of the three germ layers that give rise, during further development, to the different organs…
Basics 9 min read
Fertilization and Early Embryonic Development
The process in which an organism develops from a single-celled zygote to a multi-cellular organism is complex and well-regulated. The…
Basics 10 min read
Human Pregnancy and Birth
Pregnancy begins with the fertilization of an egg and continues through to the birth of the individual. The length of…
Basics 6 min read
The Ovarian Cycle and the Menstrual Cycle
The ovarian cycle governs the preparation of endocrine tissues and release of eggs, while the menstrual cycle governs the preparation and maintenance of…