Basics 3 min read
Synthesis gas (syngas)
Synthesis gas (syngas) is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. It can be created from coal or methane reacting…
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Butadiene, butylenes, and pygas, derivatives
Pygas, or pyrolysis gasoline, is a naphtha-range product with a high aromatic content, used either for gasoline blending or as…
Basics 2 min read
Propylene, derivatives
Polypropylenes (PP) are various thermoplastic plastics or fibres that are polymers of propylene. Polypropylene can be made into fibers, where…
Basics 1 min read
Benzene and styrenic chain, derivatives
Polystyrene is solid plastic made from polymerized styrene. It is the second most common plastic and used in a wide…
Basics 2 min read
Toluene, benzene, polyurethane and phenolic chain
Tolune diisocyanate (TDI) is an isocyanate used in the production of polyurethanes for flexible foam applications, ranging from furniture, bedding, and…
Basics 2 min read
Petrochemical
Petrochemicals are chemicals made from petroleum or natural gas. Primary petrochemicals are divided into three groups, depending on their chemical…
Basics 2 min read
Blending and distribution
After the refining processes, the various fractions are stored in intermediate tanks, then blended into marketable products for loading onto…
Basics 5 min read
Upgrading and advanced processes
The Refinery make up differs from an upstream plant, in that the overall site is divided up in to process…