Glycerol and Fatty Acids
A fat molecule consists of two main components: glycerol and fatty acids. Glycerol is an alcohol with three carbons, five hydrogens, and three hydroxyl (OH) groups. Fatty acids have a…
Protein Structure
The four levels of protein structure Protein structure can be discussed at four distinct levels. A protein’s primary structure is two-dimensional - simply the sequence of amino acids in the peptide chain.…
Peptide Synthesis
In order to synthesize a peptide from its component amino acids, two obstacles must be overcome. The first of these is statistical in nature, and is illustrated by considering the…
Properties of Lipids
What are Lipids? These organic compounds are nonpolar molecules, which are soluble only in nonpolar solvents and insoluble in water because water is polar molecules. In the human body, these…
Amino Acid Analysis of Peptides
Ion-exchange chromatography When a protein is to be analysed, it is first heated with acid to hydrolyse all the peptide bonds. When such a mixture of amino acids is to…
Introduction to Amino Acids
Amino acids form polymers through a nucleophilic attack by the amino group of an amino acid at the electrophilic carbonyl carbon of the carboxyl group of another amino acid. The…
Types of Lipids
Within these two major classes of lipids, there are several specific types of lipids important to live, including fatty acids, triglycerides, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and steroids. These are broadly classified as simple…
Lipids
Lipids include various biomolecules whose common property is their insolubility in water. Lipids include a variety of molecular types, such as neutral fats, oils, steroids, and waxes. Unlike other classes…
Biomolecule
Biomolecule, also called biological molecule, any of numerous substances that are produced by cells and living organisms. Biomolecules have a wide range of sizes and structures and perform a vast array of functions.…
Protoplasts
Sub-protoplasts is divided into three types. The three types are: (1) Mini-protoplasts (2) Cytoplasts and (3) Micro-protoplasts. Protoplasts are naked plant cells without the cell wall, but they possess plasma…
