Protein targeting
Protein targeting or protein sorting is the biological mechanism by which proteins are transported to their appropriate destinations in the cell or outside it. Proteins can be targeted to the inner space of an organelle, different…
Gluconeogenesis
Gluconeogenesis quite literally translates as ‘the production of new glucose’. It is a metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon substrates such as lactate, glycerol, and glucogenic…
The TCA Cycle
The TCA cycle is a central pathway into which many metabolites feed. It consists of a number of reactions which generate NADH and FADH₂ which can in turn be used by the oxidative phosphorylation pathway…
Glycolysis
Glycolysis is the process in which one glucose molecule is broken down to form two molecules of pyruvic acid (also called pyruvate). The glycolysis process is a multi-step metabolic pathway that…
Difference Between Primary Metabolites and Secondary Metabolites
The metabolites which are required for the growth and maintenance of cellular function are called primary metabolites, while such metabolites which are not required for the growth and maintenance of the…
What Are Metabolic Pathways?
The term 'metabolism' comes from the Greek word metabole, which means change. It refers to the total of an organism's chemical reactions. A metabolic pathway is a series of steps found in biochemical…
Introduction to biocatalysis
Biocatalysis have many advantages over chemocatalysis in the context of green chemistry, which include mild reaction conditions (physiological pH and temperature), the use of environmentally compatible catalysts (enzymes) and solvents…
Enzymes
We have a whole section where we tell you about reactions and the molecules that change in those reactions. Chemical bonds are being created and destroyed over a series of many intermediate…
Structure of DNA
Primary structure and its double helix: Sequence in which four nitrogen bases are attached to the sugar phosphate backbone of a nucleotide chain is called primary structure. Watson and crick in…
Biomolecules – Nucleosides & Nucleotides
Nucleosides: Nucleoside contains only two basic components of nucleic acids (a pentose sugar and a nitrogenous base). During their formation, 1- position of pyrimidine or 9 – position of purine moiety…
