Uncategorized 8 min read
Transformer Loading
Transformers can provide a voltage on their secondary winding but to transfer electrical power between their input and output they…
THE ARTICLE LIBRARY
All stories.
Ideas and explainers from across SenseCentral.
Electrical machines 14 min read
Transformer Construction
A simple two-winding transformer construction consists of each winding being wound on a separate soft iron limb or core which…
Electrical machines 5 min read
Basic Principles
As mentioned earlier the transformer is a static device working on the principle of Faraday’s law of induction. Faraday’s law…
Principle of Management 3 min read
Importance of Planning
The importance of planning as the major constituent in the management process is universally accepted. Planning not only brings stability and certainty to business, it also brings in a unified sense of direction and purpose for the achievement of certain well- defined objectives. The basic reasons supporting systematic planning by managers are: Sense of Direction – Planning provides a unity of purpose. It brings together all resources towards achieving common goals. Without plans and goals, organizations will respond to everyday events in an ad-hoc manner without considering long- term possibilities. Resource Paucity – Resource crunch is a major challenge for organizations today. Managements are confronted with the task of optimizing outputs with limited human, material, and financial resources through intelligent planning; otherwise, wasteful inefficiencies would lead to higher prices and severe shortages. Uncertainty – Uncertainty is a major challenge even to the most intelligent planner. Organizations continually face micro and macro-economic uncertainty in the course of accomplishing their tasks. Planning helps managers anticipate such changes and meet these challenges. Besides the above, there are several practical reasons for formulating plans. – To focus organizational activity on a set of consciously created objectives. – To provide a systematic guide for future activities. – To increase organizational outcome through efficient operation. – To encourage systematic thinking. Planning facilitates effective delegation of authority, removes communication gaps, and thereby raises overall efficiency.
Principle of Management 2 min read
Mintzberg’s set of Ten Roles
Professor Henry Mintzberg, a great management researcher, after studying managers for several weeks concluded that, to meet the many demands of performing their functions, managers assume multiple roles. He propounded that the role is an organized set of behaviors. He identified the following ten roles common to the work of all managers. These roles have been split into three groups as illustrated in the following figure. Interpersonal Role Figurehead – Has social, ceremonial and legal responsibilities. Leader – Provides leadership and direction. Liaison – Networks and communicates with internal and external contacts. Informational Role Monitor – Seeks out information related to your organization and industry, and monitors internal teams in terms of both their productivity and well-being. Disseminator – Communicates potentially useful information internally. Spokesperson – Represents and speaks for the organization and transmits information about the organization and its goals to the people outside it. Decisional Role Entrepreneur – Creates and controls change within the organization – solving problems, generating new ideas, and implementing them. Disturbance Handler – Resolves and manages unexpected roadblocks. Resource Allocator – Allocates funds, assigning staff and other organizational resources. Negotiator – Involved in direct important negotiations within the team, department, or organization.
Principle of Management 2 min read
What is Planning?
Planning is the most basic of all managerial functions which involves establishing goals, setting out objectives and defining the methods by which these goals and objectives are To be attained. It is, therefore, a rational approach to achieving pre-selected objectives. Planning involves selecting missions and objectives and the actions to achieve them. An important aspect of planning is decision making – that is, choosing the right alternatives for the future course of action. Organizations have to typically plan for long-range and short-range future direction. By forecasting and predicting the market and socio-political-economic trends, managers can plan to determine where they desire the company to be in future. Planning involves determining various types and volumes of physical and other resources to be acquired from outside, allocating these resources in an efficient manner among competing claims and to make arrangement for systematic conversion of these resources into useful outputs. Since plans are made to attain goals or objectives, every plan should lead to the achievement of the organization’s purpose and objectives. An organized enterprise exists to accomplish group objectives through willing and purposeful co-operation. Planning bridges the gap between where the organization stands currently and wishes to be in future. In the absence of planning, events are left to chance.
Principle of Management 1 min read
Planning – Introduction
Every organization as part of its life cycle constantly engages in the four essential functions of management – planning, leading, organizing and controlling. The foremost of this is planning. It is the part of management concerned with creating procedures, rules and guidelines for achieving a stated objective. All other managerial functions must be planned if they are to be effective. Managers at all levels engage in planning as objectives and goals have to be set up for the day-to-day activities as well as the broader long-term initiatives.
Principle of Management 3 min read
Decision making
Decision making is a very important and complex process. In order to aid decision makers make the right choice, quantitative techniques are used that improve the overall quality of decision making. Following are some of the commonly used techniques: Decision Trees Decision Trees are tools that help choose between several courses of action or alternatives. They are: Represented as tree-shaped diagram used to determine a course of action or show a statistical probability. Each branch of the decision tree represents a possible decision or occurrence. The tree structure shows how one choice leads to the next, and the use of branches indicates that each option is mutually exclusive. A decision tree can be used by a manager to graphically represent which actions could be taken and how these actions relate to future events. Delphi Technique Delphi Technique is a method used to estimate the likelihood and outcome of future events. It is unique because: It is a group process using written responses to a series of questionnaires instead of physically bringing individuals together to make a decision. Individuals are required to respond to a…
Principle of Management 2 min read
Decision Making Styles
Decision making style of managers depend greatly on their personality and approach towards problem solving. Every leader or manager has his own individualistic style augmented by his experience, background, and abilities. Directive or AutocraticDecision Making Managers who follow this style assess few alternativesAnd consider limited information while taking any decision.They do not find it important to consult with others or seek information in any form and use their logic and idea while taking decisions. Analytical Decision Making Managers using analytic decision making style would like to have more information and consider more alternatives before coming to a conclusion. They seek relevant information from their sources and consider factual and detailed information before taking any decision. Such managers are careful decision makers as they have the ability to adapt or cope with unique situations. Behavioral Decision Making Leaders who follow this model believe in participative Management and consider the achievement of subordinates and always take suggestions from them.They…
Electrical machines 3 min read
Transformers
Introduction Michael Faraday propounded the principle of electro-magnetic induction in 1831. It states that a voltage appears across the terminals…
