Transportation Engineering 3 min read
New highways
The parkway The achievement of such a system in the automobile age required a new form of road. This grew from…
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Transportation Engineering 3 min read
Changes in finance
From corvée to toll Through the millennia, responsibility for financing and building roads and highways has been both a local…
Transportation Engineering 4 min read
New paving materials
When urban street paving became widespread in the latter half of the 19th century, the common paving materials were hoof-sized stone blocks,…
Transportation Engineering 1 min read
Roads in the age of the automobile
Beginning in the 1840s, the rapid development of railroads brought the construction of lightweight Trésaguet-McAdam roads to a virtual halt.…
Transportation Engineering 2 min read
Early U.S. road systems
The Lancaster Turnpike The first engineered and planned road in the United States was the Lancaster Turnpike, a privately constructed toll road built…
Transportation Engineering 4 min read
The birth of the modern road
The master road builders In Europe, gradual technological improvements in the 17th and 18th centuries saw increased commercial travel, improved vehicles,…
Transportation Engineering 3 min read
The Middle Ages
Europe and Asia At the zenith of the Roman Empire, overland trade joined the cultures of Europe, North Africa, Asia Minor, China, and India.…
Transportation Engineering 3 min read
Ancient roads of South and East Asia
India The Indus civilization in Sindh, Balochistān, and the Punjab probably flourished in the period 3250–2750 BC. Excavations indicate that the cities of…
Transportation Engineering 5 min read
Ancient roads of Europe
The Amber Routes During the 2nd millennium BC, trade ways developed in Europe. One route, for example, ran between Italy and Spain…
Transportation Engineering 6 min read
Roads and highways
Roads and highways, traveled way on which people, animals, or wheeled vehicles move. In modern usage the term road describes a rural, lesser…