Basics 5 min read
10-Mbps Classic Ethernet
Originally, Ethernet consisted of a long piece of cable (possibly spliced by repeaters). When a station transmitted, the data went…
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Basics 5 min read
IETF and OSI
The Internet protocols discussed above are defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force, or IETF (under the aegis of the…
Basics 3 min read
Some Useful Utilities
There exists a great variety of useful programs for probing and diagnosing networks. Here we list a few of the…
Basics 3 min read
Content-Distribution Networks
Sites with an extremely large volume of content to distribute often turn to a specialized communication pattern called a content-distribution…
Basics 3 min read
Transport Communications Patterns
The two “classic” traffic patterns for Internet communication are these: • Interactive or bursty communications such as via ssh or…
Basics 3 min read
The Future of IPv4
As mentioned earlier, allocation of blocks of IP addresses is the responsibility of the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority. IANA long…
Basics 8 min read
IP Forwarding
IP routers use datagram forwarding, to deliver packets, but the “destination” values listed in the forwarding tables are network prefixes…