August 19, 2021
Concerning Techniques Mentioned Above Concerning capacitive sensors, the NASA Langley Research Center…
Pneumatic Gaging
Pneumatic gages have pressurized air exiting gage orifices. The air velocity differential…
Descriptions of the Relatively Mature Measuring Techniques
The following descriptions will also refer to some of the relevant vendors,…
Optical Encoder Displacement Sensors
The detection of angular and linear motion is a key function in…
Two-Frequency Heterodyne Interferometer
Figure 6.50 shows the commercially available two-frequency Michelson interferometer operating with a…
Refractive Index of Air
The length scale of a displacement interferometer that is operated in ambient…
Frequency Stabilization of He–Ne Lasers
The resonant frequency (and the wavelength λ) of the laser is determined…
Laser Interferometer Displacement Sensors
In the past few years, very high precision, numerically controlled machine tools…
Piezoelectric Transducers and Sensors
Piezoelectricity, discovered in Rochelle salt in 1880 by Jacques and Pierre Curie,…
Capacitive Sensors—Displacement
Capacitive sensors are extensively used in industrial and scientific applications. They are…


