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← Explore all topicsThe COVID-19 pandemic brought a new type of vaccine into the spotlight—mRNA vaccines. Unlike traditional vaccines, which use weakened viruses,…
An autoimmune disease is a condition in which your immune system mistakenly attacks your body. The immune system normally guards…
The earlier the non-infectious complications, such as autoimmunity, allergy, granulomatous disease and cancer, in primary immunodeficiency are picked up and…
Figure 1. The Autoimmune Process. The immune response in autoimmune disease recapitulates that of responses directed against infection, except that self…
The response of the host to the presence of foreign substances can trigger four types of hypersensitivity reactions: I. Immediate II. Cytotoxic…
Allergy or hypersensitivity occur when the body’s immune system reacts in an exaggerated or inappropriate way to substances in the…
Benign tumors are noncancerous growths in the body. Unlike cancerous tumors, they don’t spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body.…
Many tumor cells produce antigens, which may be released in the bloodstream or remain on the cell surface. Any molecule…
Tumor immunology refers to the relationship between immune function and tumor cells, which is crucial for our understanding of the…
Transplantation is the process of moving cells, tissues, or organs, from one site to another, either within the same person…
Speaker A disease of the immune system due to infection with HIV. HIV destroys the CD4 T lymphocytes (CD4 cells)…
Immune tolerance: A state of unresponsiveness to a specific antigen or group of antigens to which a person is normally responsive.…