neural engg 2 min read
Urethra
Urethra, duct that transmits urine from the bladder to the exterior of the body during urination. The urethra is held closed by the urethral sphincter,…
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Human skin
Human skin, in human anatomy, the covering, or integument, of the body’s surface that both provides protection and receives sensory stimuli from the…
neural engg 6 min read
Nerve-growth factor
Light Of all the physical factors, light plays the best understood and most dramatic role. Many of the effects…
neural engg 5 min read
Stroke
Stroke, also called apoplexy, sudden impairment of brain function resulting either from a substantial reduction in blood flow to some part of the brain or…
neural engg 6 min read
Regeneration
Regeneration, in biology, the process by which some organisms replace or restore lost or amputated body parts. Organisms differ markedly in…
neural engg 9 min read
Higher cerebral functions
The neurons of the cerebral cortex constitute the highest level of control in the hierarchy of the nervous system. Consequently, the terms higher cerebral functions and higher cortical functions are used by…
neural engg 6 min read
Higher-level pain pathways
Brain Many regions of the brain can influence the input arriving at lower levels of the nervous system. This descending inhibition can…
neural engg 4 min read
Basal ganglia
Deep within the cerebral hemispheres, large gray masses of nerve cells, called nuclei, form components of the basal ganglia. Four…
neural engg 1 min read
Cerebral ventricles
Deep within the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres are cavities filled with cerebrospinal fluid that form the ventricular system. These cavities…
neural engg 4 min read
Cerebral cortex
Lobes of the cerebral cortex The cerebral cortex is highly convoluted; the crest of a single convolution is known as a gyrus, and the fissure between…
neural engg 2 min read
Spinal cord
Spinal cord, major nerve tract of vertebrates, extending from the base of the brain through the canal of the spinal column. It is composed of…
neural engg 8 min read
Tissue engineering
Spinal cord injury, any of various conditions caused by damage to the tract of nerves that extends from the base of the brain through…