Immunology 1 min read
Microbial, Parasitic, and Fungal Immunology
Microbial Immunology expects studies examining responses to any microbial agent, including viruses, bacteria and parasites. The Microbiology, Microbial Pathogenesis and…
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Immunology 4 min read
Immune responses to viruses
Via cytotoxic cells When a virus infects a person (host), it invades the cells of its host in order to…
Immunology 6 min read
What Is Inflammation?
Inflammation is a vital part of the immune system’s response to injury and infection. It is the body’s way of…
Immunology 1 min read
Injury and inflammation
Inflammation is the immune system’s response to injury and infection, and quick decisions must be made when one or both…
Immunology 2 min read
Functions of Cell
A cell performs these major functions essential for the growth and development of an organism. Important functions of cell are…
Immunology 4 min read
Cell Structure
The cell structure comprises individual components with specific functions essential to carry out life’s processes. These components include- cell wall,…
Immunology 8 min read
TCR Cell Signaling Pathway
T-cells are a subset of lymphocytes that play a large role in the immune response. The TCR (T-cell receptor) is…
Immunology 4 min read
B Cell Activation and Plasma Cell Differentiation
B Cell Activation · Resting B cells become activated by antigen via the BCR and/or by microbiological side products (pathogen associated…
Immunology 1 min read
cellular response
Cellular responses to invading pathogens utilize phagocytic and cytotoxic cells of the innate and adaptive immune responses. The immune system is intimately connected with the hematologic system…
Immunology 1 min read
What are the uses for monoclonal antibodies?
The use of monoclonal antibodies to treat diseases is called immunotherapy therapy because each type of monoclonal antibody will target…
Immunology 2 min read
Monoclonal Antibodies
What are human monoclonal antibodies? An antibody is a protein produced by the body’s immune system in response to antigens,…
Immunology 3 min read
Clonal Selection of Antibody-Producing Cells
The clonal selection hypothesis has become a widely accepted model for how the immune system responds to infection and how…