Basics 5 min read
Production of Vaccines, Antibiotics, and Hormones
Traditional vaccination strategies use weakened or inactive forms of microorganisms or viruses to stimulate the immune system. Modern techniques use…
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Basics 3 min read
How Electricity is Generated
First Law of Thermodynamics How to generate electricity? What are the different methods of generating electricity? The first law of…
Basic Computer Science 2 min read
Software Programming
In order to make a computer functional, a set of instructions need to be programmed, as these programmed languages are…
Project Management with MS-Project 3 min read
3 Reasons Team Members Disengage and How to Overcome Them
Project management is often defined as managing the scope, cost and schedule of a project. What many forget is that…
power system 4 min read
Single Line Diagram of 11kV Substation
Substation provides the energy supply for the local area in which the line is located. The main function of the…
Basics 2 min read
Biotechnology in Medicine and Agriculture
It is easy to see how biotechnology can be used for medicinal purposes. Knowledge of the genetic makeup of our…
Basics 3 min read
Genetic Engineering
Using recombinant DNA technology to modify an organism’s DNA to achieve desirable traits is called genetic engineering. Addition of foreign…
Basics 2 min read
Polymerase Chain Reaction
DNA analysis often requires focusing on one or more specific regions of the genome. It also frequently involves situations in…
Basics 2 min read
Gel Electrophoresis
Because nucleic acids are negatively charged ions at neutral or alkaline pH in an aqueous environment, they can be moved…
Basics 2 min read
Manipulating Genetic Material
To accomplish the applications described above, biotechnologists must be able to extract, manipulate, and analyze nucleic acids. Review of Nucleic…
Basics 2 min read
Introduction to Biotechnology
Figure 10.1 (a) A thermal cycler, such as the one shown here, is a basic tool used to study DNA…