Bioorganic Chemistry 2 min read
Conformations of Ethane and Butane
Conformational Isomerism is a form of stereoisomerism where interconversions of isomers are possible by rotations referring to single bonds. These…
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Bioorganic Chemistry 2 min read
sp3 Hybridization
The term “sp3 hybridization” refers to the mixing character of one 2s-orbital and three 2p-orbitals to create four hybrid orbitals with…
Bioorganic Chemistry 3 min read
Lewis Acid/Base Mnemonic
Think of Lewis as ‘lectrons’ Lewis Acid A Lewis acid refers to an atom or molecule that accepts an electron…
Bioorganic Chemistry 3 min read
Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry Bases in Organic Chemistry
Categories of Acids and Bases Before we dive in, be sure to download my FREE acid/base cheat sheet to follow…
Bioorganic Chemistry 2 min read
The Difference Between the Formal and Actual Charge
Now, I’ve mentioned earlier that there’s a difference between the formal and the actual charge. Formal charge is a bookkeeping tool that…
Bioorganic Chemistry 3 min read
Formal Charges
Formal charges in organic chemistry is, perhaps, one of the most fundamental bookkeeping devices which is often misunderstood or neglected…
Bioorganic Chemistry 3 min read
Electronegativity
Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons. This sharing allows each atom to achieve its octet of electrons and greater…
Bioorganic Chemistry 5 min read
Polar Covalent Bonds
Electronegativity The elements with the highest ionization energies are generally those with the most negative electron affinities, which are located…
Bioorganic Chemistry 5 min read
What is the Octet Rule?
The octet rule dictates that atoms are most stable when their valence shells are filled with eight electrons. It is…
Bioorganic Chemistry 5 min read
Covalent Bond
Covalent bond is a chemical bonding process in which pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms. The force of attraction or repulsion…
Bioorganic Chemistry 11 min read
Atomic Orbitals
An orbital is the quantum mechanical refinement of Bohr’s orbit. In contrast to his concept of a simple circular orbit…
Bioorganic Chemistry 4 min read
What is an atom?
Atoms are building blocks. If you want to create a language, you’ll need an alphabet. If you want to build molecules, you…