Basics
Multiplexing and Demultiplexing Applications
In this section we discuss the multiplexing/demultiplexing of messages by the transport layer from/to the application layer. In…
July 21, 2021 · Rajil TLAuthor: Rajil TL
Rajil TL is a SenseCentral contributor focused on tech, apps, tools, and product-building insights. He writes practical content for creators, founders, and learners—covering workflows, software strategies, and real-world implementation tips. His style is direct, structured, and action-oriented, often turning complex ideas into step-by-step guidance. He’s passionate about building useful digital products and sharing what works.
Basics
DNS – The Internet’s Directory Service
We human beings can be identified in many ways. For example, we can be identified by the names…
July 21, 2021 · Rajil TLBasics
Electronic Mail in the Internet
Along with the Web, electronic mail is one of the most popular Internet applications. Just like ordinary “snail…
July 21, 2021 · Rajil TLBasics
File Transfer: FTP
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a protocol for transferring a file from one host to another host. The protocol…
July 21, 2021 · Rajil TLBasics
Web Caches
A Web cache – also called a proxy server – is a network entity that satisfies HTTP requests on the behalf of a client.…
July 21, 2021 · Rajil TLBasics
The Conditional GET
By storing previously retrieved objects, Web caching can reduce object-retrieval delays and diminish the amount of Web traffic…
July 21, 2021 · Rajil TLBasics
User-Server Interaction: Authentication and Cookies
We mentioned above that an HTTP server is stateless. This simplifies server design, and has permitted engineers to develop very…
July 21, 2021 · Rajil TLBasics
HTTP Message Format
The HTTP specifications 1.0 ([RFC 1945] and 1.1 [RFC 2068]) define the HTTP message formats. There are two types of HTTP messages, request messages and response messages,…
July 21, 2021 · Rajil TLBasics
Non-Persistent and Persistent Connections
HTTP can use both non-persistent connections and persistent connections. Non-persistent connections is the default mode for HTTP/1.0. Conversely, persistent connections…
July 21, 2021 · Rajil TLBasics
The World Wide Web: HTTP
In the 1980s the Internet was used by researchers, academics and university students to login to remote hosts,…
July 21, 2021 · Rajil TL