petroleum refining and petrochemicals 4 min read
⛽ Why Refining Is Expensive: The Hidden Costs of Making Fuel
When you fill up your car with gasoline or use jet fuel for a flight, have you ever wondered why…
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What’s in a Barrel? The Many Uses of Crude Oil 🛢️🔬
Introduction When you hear “barrel of oil,” you probably think of gasoline for cars. But did you know that crude…
petroleum refining and petrochemicals 10 min read
HYDROGEN PRODUCTION BY STEAM REFORMING
Steam reforming of natural gas at petroleum refining facilities is the predominant means of producing hydrogen in the chemical process…
petroleum refining and petrochemicals 1 min read
Isomerization
Isomerization processes have been used to isomerize n-butane to iso-butane used in alkylation and C5 /C6 n-paraffins in light naphtha to the…
petroleum refining and petrochemicals 1 min read
Polymerization
The polymerization process combines propenes and butenes to produce higher olefins with high-octane numbers (97 RON and 83 MON) for…
petroleum refining and petrochemicals 3 min read
Uses of Hydrocracking
In a refinery, hydrocracking complements catalytic cracking by taking on the more aromatic feedstocks that resist cracking, including the byproducts…
petroleum refining and petrochemicals 2 min read
Catalytic Hydrocracking
Catalytic hydrocracking is one of the latest additions to petroleum refining processes, with the first modern commercial unit started up…
petroleum refining and petrochemicals 2 min read
Catalytic Reforming Processes
Even in the presence of hydrogen during reforming reactions, catalysts are deactivated by coke deposition. Commercial catalytic cracking processes are…
petroleum refining and petrochemicals 3 min read
Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC)
Fluid Catalytic Process, also introduced in 1942, offered an excellent integration of the cracking reactor and the catalyst regenerator that…
petroleum refining and petrochemicals 2 min read
Catalytic Cracking Processes
Increasing demand for gasoline, along with the need to produce high-octane gasoline for increasingly more powerful spark ignition engines, led…
petroleum refining and petrochemicals 3 min read
Visbreaking
Visbreaking is a mild thermal cracking process applied to reduce the viscosity of VDR to produce fuel oil and some…
petroleum refining and petrochemicals 2 min read
Benefits and Uses of Hydrotherapy
Here’s a look at several findings from the available research on the potential health benefits of hydrotherapy: Osteoarthritis In a…