General Concepts 5 min read
TYPES OF LOOM
Weaving of yarn into a fabric is performed on a weaving machine which has also been called a loom. Looms…
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General Concepts 2 min read
BASIC MOTIONS IN WEAVING
Every loom requires three primary motion to produce woven fabric. Shedding This process refers to separate the warp threads into…
General Concepts 2 min read
WEAVING PREPARATION
Introduction to Weaving The technique of fabric forming probably became known to mankind before spinning. Primitive people may have observed…
General Concepts 1 min read
INTRODUCTION TO YARNS
Primitive people discovered that a succession of short fibres could be twisted into a continuous yarn. This was probably accomplished…
General Concepts 1 min read
FIBRES
Fibres are the basic raw material for any textile industry, technically which is defined as a unit of matter, characterized…
General Concepts 2 min read
METHODS OF FABRIC FORMING
The most commonly used fabric forming methods are weaving, braiding, knitting, felting, tufting and nonwoven manufacturing. However, major method of…
petroleum secondary processing 2 min read
Thermafor Catalytic Cracking (TCC)
Thermafor (also referred to as “thermofor” in some sources) Cracking Process was introduced for better integration of thermochemistry (endothermic cracking…
petroleum secondary processing 2 min read
Houdry Catalytic Cracking
The first catalytic cracking process was developed as a batch process (McAfee, 1915) shortly after the development of a thermal…
petroleum secondary processing 2 min read
Continuous Catalyst Regeneration
A continuous catalyst regeneration (CCR) scheme for reforming came on stream in 1971. Figure 8.5 shows a flow diagram for the…
petroleum secondary processing 1 min read
Desirable Chemical Reactions
Figure 8.2 illustrates more specifically the desirable chemical reactions of catalytic reforming including: · dehydrogenation of naphthenes to aromatics, · dehydroisomerization of alkyl-C5-naphthenes,…
petroleum secondary processing 2 min read
Chemistry of Catalytic Reforming
Chemistry of Catalytic Reforming The general categories of the desired reactions in catalytic reforming are identified in list below, along…
petroleum secondary processing 1 min read
Moving Bed Catalytic Cracking Process
The moving bed catalytic cracking method is described in the following diagram. Heated oil vapors go up in the reactor…
