Thin-Shell Structures
A structural membrane or shell is a curved surface structure. Usually, it is capable of transmitting loads in more than two directions to supports. It is highly efficient structurally when…
Load Distribution To Bents And Shear Walls
Buildings must be designed to resist horizontal forces as well as vertical loads. In tall buildings, the lateral forces must be given particular attention, because if they are not properly…
Reiher-Meister Scale For SteadyState Vibrations
The scale discussed below and those in Art. 5.21 and 5.23 useful in assessing human perception to vibration levels. They are presented to provide insight with respect FIGURE 5.115 Wiss…
Wiss And Parmelee Rating Factor For Transient Vibrations
Wiss and Parmelee also conducted research to refine the findings of Lenzen’s research. In particular, they attempted to quantify, in a more scientifically rigorous manner, human perception to transient floor…
Floor Vibrations
Excessive vibration can be characterized as too large for sensitive equipment or too large for occupant comfort. Determining these permissible levels is an entire research area in itself; however, some…
Air-Stabilized Structures
A true membrane is able to withstand tension but is completely unable to resist bending. Although it is highly efficient structurally, like a shell, a membrane must be much thinner…
Stresses In Arches
An arch is a curved beam, the radius of curvature of which is very large relative to the depth of the section. It differs from a straight beam in that:…
Continuous Beams And Frames
Fixed-end beams, continuous beams, continuous trusses, and rigid frames are statically indeterminate. The equations of equilibrium are not sufficient for the determination of all the unknown forces and moments. Additional…
Roof Trusses
A truss is a coplanar system of structural members joined together at their ends to form a stable framework. If small changes in the lengths of the members due to…
Graphic-Statics Fundamentals
A force may be represented by a straight line of fixed length. The length of line to a given scale represents the magnitude of the force. The position of the…
