Pipe Orifice, Water Meter and Propeller Meter
Pipe Orifice Definition Orifice meter or orifice plate is a device (cheaper than a venture meter) employed for measuring the discharge of fluid through a pipe (shown in Fig.10.1). It…
Water Flow Measurement in Pipes
In the previous lesson, we have studied methods for water flow measurements in open channel. However, irrigation water also conveyed through pipes and therefore we will now study methods of…
Orifices
Free Flow Orifice Orifices may be used to measure rates of flow when the size and shape of the orifice and head acting upon them are known. Orifices used in…
Flumes
Parshall Flume Parshall flumes are devices for the measurement of flow of water in open channels when depth of flow is less i.e., head drop is very small, the volume…
Weirs
Introduction Effective use of water for irrigation requires that flow rates and volumes be measured and expressed quantitatively. Measurement of flow rates in open channels is difficult because of non-uniform…
Irrigation Projects
Irrigation Projects In India irrigation has always been the largest user of water. Irrigation projects mainly consists engineering (or hydraulic) structures which collect, convey, and deliver water to areas on…
Irrigation Development
Irrigation Development Irrigated agriculture has developed most extensively in the arid and semi-arid regions and areas having prolonged dry spells. The practice is essentially to supplement the available rainfall in…
Water Resources of India and its Demand in Various Sectors
Definition Irrigation is defined as the science of artificial application of water to the land, in accordance with the ‘crop water requirements’ throughout the ‘crop period’ for full-fledged nourishment of…
Methods of Water Measurements in Open Channels
Units of Water Measurement Irrigation water is conveyed either through open channels or pipes and knowing the quantity of water available is essential for irrigation water management. Sometimes one will…
METHODS OF IRRIGATION
The four methods of irrigation are: 1. Surface 2. Sprinkler 3. Drip/trickle 4. Subsurface Surface Surface irrigation consists of a broad class of irrigation methods in which water is distributed over the soil surface by…
