TBP, ASTM, and EFV Compared
The TBP, ASTM, and EFV distillation methods achieve different levels of separation for a given sample, as related to the different techniques used in these analyses. Figure 4.10 shows TBP,…
Equilibrium Flash Vaporization (EFV)
Equilibrium flash vaporization involves heating a flowing feed and the separation of the liquid and vapor in a flash drum. A distillation curve may be obtained by conducting this distillation…
TBP/ASTM distillation curves
The most important characterization properties of the crude/intermediate/product streams are the TBP/ASTM distillation curves. Both these distillation curves are measured at 1 atm pressure. In both these cases, the boiling…
Characterization Factors
Since the early days of the petroleum industry, some physical properties of crude oil were used to define characterization factors for classification of crude oil with respect to hydrocarbon types…
Outline of the petroleum refining model
The refinery flow shown above includes all the major secondary refining units in addition to CDU. In particular, since the demand shift to lighter fractions is anticipated to accelerate in…
Structure of the Petroleum Refining/Trade Flow Model
The Petroleum Refining/Trade Flow Model covers 30 countries/regions that correspond with the subjects of the Energy Demand Estimation Model described above. In the LP calculation performed in this flow model,…
Structure of the World Energy Demand Estimation Model
The World Energy Demand Estimation Model is an econometric analytical model consisting of an array of demand functions prepared for each energy source and demand sector according to the classification…
The process of crude oil refining
Once crude oil is extracted from the ground, it must be transported and refined into petroleum products that have any value. Those products must then be transported to end-use consumers…
GENERALIZED FORM OF INFLOW EQUATION UNDER SEMI-STEADY STATE CONDITIONS
The semi-steady state inflow equation developed in sec. 6.2 appears to be restrictive in that it only applies for a well producing from the centre of a circular shaped drainage…
