Carbonate Reservoirs
Reefs stand up as positive structures and may be draped by mud and form a stratigraphic trap determined by the size of the reef structure. Carbonate reefs, and other carbonate…
External Geometry of Reservoir Rocks
The external geometry of reservoir rocks is largely determined by the depositional environments, but faulting and diagenesis may define the lateral or vertical extent of a reservoir. Fluvial sandstones typically…
Porosity and Permeability
Any rock with sufficiently high porosity and permeability may serve as a reservoir rock provided that there is a source of petroleum, a structure, and a tight cap rock. Sediments…
Migration of Petroleum
Petroleum migrates from low permeability source rocks into high permeability reservoir rocks from which the petroleum can be produced (Fig. 1.2b). The main driving force for petroleum migration is buoyancy…
Breakdown of Organic Matter
Almost all (>99%) of the organic matter which is produced on land and in the oceans is broken down through direct oxidation or by means of microbiological processes. If oxygen…
Accumulations of Organic Matter
It is well documented that oil accumulations are of organic origin and formed from organic matter in sediments. Methane can be formed inorganically and is found in the atmosphere of…
A Brief Petroleum History
A Brief Petroleum History There are many places where oil seeps out of the ground. Bitumen produced from such naturally occurring crude oil has been collected and used since ancient…
Introduction to Petroleum Geology
Petroleum geology comprises those geological disciplines which are of greatest significance for the finding and recovery of oil and gas. Since most of the obvious and “easy to find” petroleum…
