LEAK DETECTION METHODS AND DEFINING THE SIZES OF LEAKS
ABSTRACT There is a constantly growing need for products and technologies that for their realisation require hermetically closed elements, vessels and tubes. Envelopes with greater or smaller vacuum tightness had…
Leak Testing
What is a Leak? A leak is a flow of gas (or liquid) through the wall of a vessel (via an imperfection such as a hole, crack or bad seal). Leaks…
Laser Testing Methods
Laser Testing includes three techniques, Holography, Shearography and Profilometry. As the method name implies, all three techniques user lasers to perform the inspections. LM TECHNIQUES Holographic Testing Holographic Testing uses a laser to…
How GPR Works
Ground penetrating radar operates by transmitting pulses of ultra-high frequency radio waves (microwave electromagnetic energy) down into the ground through a transducer (also called an antenna). The ground penetrating radar…
Ground Penetrating Radar
What is Ground Penetrating Radar? Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a non-destructive geophysical method that produces a continuous cross-sectional profile or record of subsurface features, without drilling, probing, or digging.…
GUIDED WAVE TESTING (GW) Overview
Guided wave ultrasonic testing detects corrosion damage and other defects over long 33 ft. – 165 ft. distances in piping. A special tool (transducer ring) is clamped around the pipe…
Remote Field Sensing
Eddy current testing for external defects in tubes where external access is not possible (e.g. buried pipelines), is conducted using internal probes. When testing thick-walled ferromagnetic metal pipes with conventional…
Pulsed Eddy Current Inspection
Conventional eddy current inspection techniques use sinusoidal alternating electrical current of a particular frequency to excite the probe. The pulsed eddy current technique uses a step function voltage to excite…
Swept Frequency
Swept frequency eddy current techniques involve collecting eddy current data at a wide range of frequencies. This usually involves the use of a specialized piece of equipment such as an…
Multiple Frequency Techniques
Multiple frequency eddy current techniques simply involve collecting data at several different frequencies and then comparing the data or mixing the data in some way. Why the need for multiple…
