Lightweight rocket shells
One of the most important drivers in rocket design is the mass ratio, i.e. the ratio of fuel mass to dry mass of the rocket. The greater the mass ratio…
Designing Convergent-divergent Nozzles
With our new-found knowledge on supersonic flow and nozzles we can now begin to intuitively design a convergent-divergent nozzle to be used on a rocket. Consider two reservoirs connected by…
How to Detect and Extinguish a Class A Fire
What is a Class A fire? Class A fires, also sometimes known as ‘ordinary combustible’ fires, involve solid materials of an organic nature, such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber and…
An Application: Convergent-divergent Nozzles
In typical engineering applications, compressible flow typically occurs in ducts, e.g. engine intakes, or through the exhaust nozzles of afterburners and rockets. This latter type of flow typically features changes…
How High Pressure Water Mist Fire Fighting System For Ships Works?
The hyper mist or high pressure fog fire fighting system is installed for all important ship’s machinery systems in the engine room (ME. AE, Purifier, Boiler etc.). The high-pressure water…
What chemicals are used in a fire extinguisher?
Fire extinguishers contain different chemicals, depending on the application. Handheld extinguishers, which are commonly sold at hardware stores for use in the kitchen or garage, are pressurized with nitrogen or…
Supersonic Aerodynamics: Designing Rocket Nozzles
(Caveat: There is a little bit more maths in this post than usual. I have tried to explain the equations as good as possible using diagrams. In any case, the real treat…
Rocket Science 101: Fuel, engine and nozzle
· Maximise the mass ratio to achieve the highest amounts of delta-v. This translates to carrying the maximum amount of fuel with minimum supporting structure to maximise the achievable change in…
The rocket equation
The Tsiolkovsky rocket equation, however, takes this into account. The motion of the rocket is governed by the conservation of momentum. When the rocket and internal gases are moving as one…
Rocket Science 101: Operating Principles
We covered the history of rocketry over the last 2000 years. By means of the Tsiolkovsky rocket equation we also established that the thrust produced by a rocket is equal to the…
