Thrusters and Spinning Wheels
HOW DO YOU CONTROL ATTITUDE IN SPACE? Because the control surfaces that an airplane uses cannot work in airless space, a spacecraft relies on a different form of attitude control.…
Moving in Space
HOW DO YOU MOVE ABOUT IN SPACE? A spacecraft uses most of its energy getting up into space. With no drag to overcome once in orbit, the spacecraft can then…
8 Common Problems Found In Ship’s 2-Stroke Marine Engines
The 2-stroke marine engine is the main propulsion power source and also the biggest machinery on a ship. A great amount of efforts, resources and time is spent to ensure…
Kepler’s Laws of Orbital Motion
OBSERVING KEPLER’S LAWS OF ORBITAL MOTION AT WORK Kepler’s laws show the effects of gravity on orbits. They apply to any object that orbits another: planets orbiting the Sun, moons…
Newton’s Laws of Motion
THE RULES OF THE COSMIC ROAD How do you change your altitude in orbit? Or turn, slow down, or speed up? How can you slip free of Earth’s gravity? You…
Gravity in Orbit
SO, IS THERE GRAVITY IN ORBIT? Space is nearly a perfect vacuum; beyond Earth’s atmosphere there is no air to produce lift or drag. Gravity is the main force to…
Instruments
HOW DOES A PILOT STAY ORIENTED? Six instruments provide pilots with information about an airplane’s motion and orientation with respect to the ground. These instruments allow them to fly safely…
Roll, Pitch, and Yaw
HOW IS CONTROLLING AN AIRPLANE DIFFERENT THAN CONTROLLING A CAR OR BOAT? Stability and control are much more complex for an airplane, which can move freely in three dimensions, than…
Control Surfaces
HOW DOES A PILOT CONTROL AN AIRPLANE? Moveable surfaces on an airplane’s wings and tail allow a pilot to maneuver an airplane and control its attitude or orientation. These control…
Flight dynamics – Detail
Flight dynamics is the science of air and space vehicle orientation and control in three dimensions. The three critical flight dynamics parameters are the angles of rotation in three dimensions about the vehicle's center of…
