Article 8: Right to effective judiciary
Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law. Definitions of the…
pH Treatment
RE300 is a rare earth-based coagulant for use in water treatment. It is mainly composed of the ionic forms of Cerium (Ce) but can contain other rare earths such as…
Article 7: Equality before the law
All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of…
Zeolite Process of Water Softening
Q. What is hardness of water? Describe Zeolite process for making soft water from hard water. Ans: Hardness is defined as the soap consuming capacity of a water sample. Generally, soaps…
Article 6: Right to recognition as a person before the law
Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law. Definitions of the right to recognition of person before the law The right to recognition as person…
Article 5: Ban on torture
No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Definitions of the ban on torture The ban on torture, cruel, inhuman or degrading…
Lime-Soda Water Softening Process
Soda lime is a process used in water treatment to remove Hardness from water. This process is now obsolete but was very useful for the treatment of large volumes of hard water.…
Article 4: Ban on slavery
No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms. Definitions of the ban on slavery The ban on…
Article 3: Right to life
Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. Definitions of the right to life The right to life is enshrined in Article 3 of the Universal Declaration of…
Volatile Fatty Acids
The Australian Water Quality Centre has recently developed a new test method that provides a detailed profile of eight individual volatile acids (acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid,…


