Delta modulation (Dm)
The sampling rate of a signal should be higher than the Nyquist rate, to achieve better sampling. If this sampling interval in Differential PCM is reduced considerably, the sampleto-sample amplitude…
Pulse code modulation (PCM)
Pulse code modulation (PCM) Modulation is the process of varying one or more parameters of a carrier signal in accordance with the instantaneous values of the message signal. The message signal is…
Analog to Digital Conversion
Digital Signal: A digital signal is a signal that represents data as a sequence of discrete values; at any given time it can only take on one of a finite number…
Subnet Masks
An IP address has two components, the network address and the host address. A subnet mask separates the IP address into the network and host addresses (<network><host>). Subnetting further divides the host…
Types of Line Coding
I. Unipolar Scheme: In a unipolar scheme, all the signal levels are on one side of the time axis, either above or below.NRZ (Non-Return-to-Zero): Traditionally, a unipolar scheme was designed…
Line coding
Line coding refers to the process of converting digital data into digital signals. Whenever we transmit data it is in the form of digital signals, so with the help of…
Data encoding
Encoding is the process of converting the data or a given sequence of characters, symbols, alphabets etc., into a specified format, for the secured transmission of data. Decoding is the reverse process of…
Transmission Medium
Transmission Mediums in Computer Networks Data is represented by computers and other telecommunication devices using signals. Signals are transmitted in the form of electromagnetic energy from one device to another.…
Transmission impairments
Transmission Impairment in Data Communication In communication system, analog signals travel through transmission media, which tends to deteriorate the quality of analog signal. This imperfection causes signal impairment. This means…
Network Architecture
Computer Network Architecture Computer Network Architecture is defined as the physical and logical design of the software, hardware, protocols, and media of the transmission of data. Simply we can say…
