Basics
The Circulatory System
Figure 21.1. Just as highway systems transport people and goods through a complex network, the circulatory system transports…
July 14, 2021 · Rajil TLBasics
Basics
Transport of Gases in Human Bodily Fluids
Once the oxygen diffuses across the alveoli, it enters the bloodstream and is transported to the tissues where…
July 14, 2021 · Rajil TLBasics
The Work of Breathing
The number of breaths per minute is the respiratory rate. On average, under non-exertion conditions, the human respiratory rate…
July 14, 2021 · Rajil TL
Basics
The Mechanics of Human Breathing
Boyle’s Law is the gas law that states that in a closed space, pressure and volume are inversely…
July 14, 2021 · Rajil TL
Basics
Breathing
Mammalian lungs are located in the thoracic cavity where they are surrounded and protected by the rib cage,…
July 14, 2021 · Rajil TLBasics
Gas Pressure and Respiration
The respiratory process can be better understood by examining the properties of gases. Gases move freely, but gas…
July 14, 2021 · Rajil TL
Basics
Gas Exchange across Respiratory Surfaces
The structure of the lung maximizes its surface area to increase gas diffusion. Because of the enormous number…
July 14, 2021 · Rajil TL
Basics
Lungs: Bronchi and Alveoli
The end of the trachea bifurcates (divides) to the right and left lungs. The lungs are not identical.…
July 14, 2021 · Rajil TLBasics
The Respiratory System
Figure 20.1. Lungs, which appear as nearly transparent tissue surrounding the heart in this X-ray of a dog…
July 14, 2021 · Rajil TL
Basics
Sliding Filament Model of Contraction
For a muscle cell to contract, the sarcomere must shorten. However, thick and thin filaments—the components of sarcomeres—do…
July 14, 2021 · Rajil TL