General Concepts 3 min read
Gas plants
Gas composition When gas is exported, many gas trains include additional equipment for further gas processing to remove unwanted components…
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Oil and gas storage, metering and export
The final stage before the oil and gas leaves the platform consists of storage, pumps and pipeline terminal equipment. Fiscal…
General Concepts 5 min read
Compressors, anti-surge and performance
Compressors are used in many parts of the oil and gas process, from upstream production to gas plants, pipelines, LNG…
General Concepts 2 min read
Scrubbers and reboilers
The separated gas may contain mist and other liquid droplets. Drops of water and hydrocarbons also form when the gas…
General Concepts 1 min read
Heat exchangers
For the compressor to operate efficiently, gas temperature should be low. The lower the temperature, the less energy will be…
General Concepts 2 min read
Water treatment
On an installation such as this, where the water cut is high, there will be a huge amount of water…
General Concepts 6 min read
Separation
As described earlier, the well-stream may consist of crude oil, gas, condensates, water and various contaminants. The purpose of the…
General Concepts 2 min read
Manifolds and gathering
Pipelines and risers This facility uses subsea production wells. The typical high pressure (HP) wellhead at the bottom right, with…
General Concepts 1 min read
The upstream oil and gas process
The oil and gas process is the process equipment that takes the product from the wellhead manifolds and delivers stabilized…
General Concepts 3 min read
Well workover, intervention and stimulation
After operating for some time, a well may become less productive or faulty due to residue build-up, sand erosion, corrosion…
General Concepts 2 min read
Subsea Injection wells
Subsea wells Subsea Wells are essentially the same as dry completion wells. Mechanically, however, they are placed in a subsea…
General Concepts 3 min read
Wellhead
Wellheads can involve dry or subsea completion. Dry completion means that the well is onshore or on the topside structure…