Today’s IC engines can be classified in several ways. Some of the ways of classification of Internal Combustion (IC) engines is listed below:
1. Based on application
§ Automobile Engine
§ Aircraft Engine
§ Locomotive Engine
§ Marine Engine
§ Stationary Engine
2. Based on basic engine design
§ Reciprocating: Single cylinder, Multi-cylinder In-line, V, radial, opposed cylinder, Opposed Piston.
§ Rotatory: Single motor, Multi motor
3. Based on operating cycle
§ Atkinson (For complete expansion SI Engine)
§ Diesel (For the Ideal Diesel Engine)
§ Dual (For the Actual Diesel Engine)
§ Miller (For Early/Late Inlet valve closing type SI Engine)
§ Otto (For the Convectional SI Engine)
4. Based on working cycle
§ Four stroke cycle
§ Two stroke cycle
§ Scavenging ; direct/crankcase/cross flow; back flow/loop; Uni flow
§ Naturally aspirated or turbocharged
5. Based on Valve/port design and location
§ Design of valve/port
§ Poppet valve
§ Rotatory valve
§ Location of valve/port
§ T-head
§ L-head
§ F-head
§ L-head
6.Based on Fuel
§ Convectional
§ Crude oil derivatives; Petrol, diesel
§ Other sources; coal, bio-mass, tar stands, shale
§ Alternative
§ Petroleum derived: CNG, LPG
§ Bio-mass derived: alcohols, vegetable oils, producer gas, biogas and hydrogen
§ Blending
§ Bi-fuel and dual fuel
7. Based on mixture preparation
§ Carburetion
§ Fuel injection
8. Based on ignition
§ Spark ignition
§ Compression Ignition
9. Based on stratification of charge
§ Homogeneous Charge
§ Stratified charge
§ With carburetion
§ With fuel injection
10. Based on combustion chamber design
§ Open chamber: Disc, wedge, hemispherical, bowl-in-piston, bath tub.
§ Divided chamber:
§ (For CI) 1. Swirl chamber, 2. Pre-chamber
§ (for SI) 1. CVCC, 2. Other designs
11. Based on cooling system
§ Air-cooling system
§ Water-cooling system
