What is Surveying?
Surveying is the process of analyzing and recording the characteristics of a land area span to help design a plan or map for construction.
Total Station is the currently preferred Surveying equipment in the industry. Find out What is a Total Station? here and about Survey camp using Total Station workshop here.
Categories of Surveying are:
· Geodetic Surveying:
Surveys are carried out on a large scale with the help of control networks spanning over long distances.
· Cadastral Surveying:
Surveys are carried out to define land ownership and boundaries.
· Topographical Surveying:
Surveys are carried out to determine land structure along with variation in land heights.
· As Built Surveying:
Surveys are carried out after completion of a construction project to check variance from proposed design.
· Photogrammetry (Aerial Surveying):
Surveys are carried out by taking photographs from elevated ground stations.
· LiDAR (Aerial Surveying):
Surveys are carried out using remote sensors and light reflected by lasers to measure distances.
Fundamental techniques used for Surveying are:
· Triangulation:
In this technique numerous triangles are inter-connected and overlapped to measure angles from a surveying station.
· Trilateration:
It follows the same technique as in Triangulation with additional use of Electronic Distance Meter (EDM).
· Traverse:
In this technique multiple lines of pre-measured lengths are inter-connected to measure angles and distances.
· Leveling:
In this technique the difference in heights in a terrain are measured with the help of graduated rods.
· Radiation:
In this technique radiating lines are drawn from a focal point to defined boundaries converted to a small scale surveying sheet.
Surveying finds multiple industrial applications across various domains. It is an integral part of Civil Engineering Discipline.
