Suspension systems have evolved significantly since the earliest adaptations from horse-drawn buggies to self powered automobiles, but the basic requirements remain the same. Just as in the horse and buggy days, today’s suspension systems must provide for safe handling and maximum traction while being able to sustain passenger comfort. To accomplish these goals, modern suspension systems rely on various types of springs, shock absorbers, control arms, and other components. As a comparison, the front suspension from a Ford Model T and from a modern vehicle are shown in Figure 6-1 and Figure 6-2.
All of the components of the suspension system must work together to provide the proper ride quality and handling characteristics expected by the driver and passengers. Each component is engineered to work as a part of the overall system. If one part of the system fails, it can lead to faster wear or damage to other components. Therefore, a complete understanding of each component and how it functions as part of the whole suspension system is critical.
