Electrical Methods
Basic Concept Electrical geophysical prospecting methods detect the surface effects produced by electric current flow in the ground. Using electrical methods, one may measure potentials, currents, and electromagnetic fields that…
Seismic Wave Theory
Compressional Waves, which are also called P waves, are basically the same as sound (acoustic) waves, except that P waves move through solid or liquid media (e.g., the ground or…
Electric resistivity methods
rface. These methods utilize differences in electric potential to identify subsurface material. Fundamentals Resistivity is fundamentally related to Ohm's Law measuring Resistance. Resistance is defined as the voltage divided by…
Magnetic Methods
Basic Concepts The Earth possesses a magnetic field caused primarily by sources in the core. The form of the field is roughly the same as would be caused by a…
Different Types of Enzymes
Enzymes are critical protein molecules in living systems that, once synthesized, are not usually transformed into some of other kind of molecule, as are the substances taken in as fuel…
Gravity Methods
Lateral density changes in the subsurface cause a change in the force of gravity at the surface. The intensity of the force of gravity due to a buried mass difference…
Geophysical Methods
Geophysical techniques work through applying one of several types of force to the ground, to measure the resulting energy with use of geophysical equipment and infer the geology from this.…
What are Enzymes? – Definition & Explanation
What Are Enzymes? Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts within living cells. Catalysts increase the rate at which chemical reactions occur without being consumed or permanently altered themselves. A chemical reaction is a process…
Magnetic measurements for an archaeological prospection
The magnetic method started to be used in archaeological prospection with an invention of the proton precession magnetometer which enabled fast and precise measurements with no drift of the instrument.…
Denaturation and Protein Folding
Example o The gelatin dessert “Jello” gels due to the presence of a protein. When Jello is heated, its structure is altered so that it is no longer a gel but…
