Engine Speed Governors | Speed Control Governor | Speed Limiters
Speed Governor The governor is a device which is used to controlling the speed of an engine based on the load requirements. Basic governors sense speed and sometimes load of…
Safety Systems in Vehicles | Seat Belts | Air Bags
Seat belts The function of the seat belts is to restrain the occupants of a vehicle in their seats when the vehicle hits an obstacle. Three point seat belt: In…
Components of Automatic Transmission System
Automatic transmission There are two types of automatic transmission (gear box), namely, semi-automatic transmission and transmission and fully automatic transmission. These are distinguished according to their effect on vehicle handling…
Transaxles
A transaxle is a transmission and differential combination in a single assembly. Transaxles are used in front-wheel drive vehicles. A transaxle allows the wheels next to the engine to propel…
Electronic Systems of an Automatic Transmission
Speed Sensors The vehicle speed sensor is a device that is mounted on the output shaft of the transmission or transaxle. This device tells the electronic control module (ECM) how…
Automatic Transmission Service
Automatic transmission service can be easily divided into the following areas: preventive maintenance, troubleshooting, and major overhaul. Before you perform maintenance or repair on an automatic transmission, consult the maintenance…
Hydraulic System of an Automatic Transmission
The hydraulic system of an automatic transmission serves four basic purposes: 1. Actuates clutches and brake bands by hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic slave circuits. 2. Controls the shifting pattern…
Overrunning Clutch
An overrunning clutch is used in automatic transmissions to lock a planetary gearset to the transmission case so that it can act as a reactionary member. The overrunning clutch for…
Clutches and Bands
Automatic transmission clutches and bands are friction devices that drive or lock planetary gearsets members. They are used to cause the gearset to transfer power. Multiple-Disc Clutch The multiple-disc clutch…
Planetary Gearsets
A planetary gearset consists of three members--sun gear, ring gear, and planetary carrier, which hold the planetary gears in proper relation with the sun and ring gear (Figure 10-18). The…
