The Difference Between the Formal and Actual Charge
Now, I’ve mentioned earlier that there’s a difference between the formal and…
Formal Charges
Formal charges in organic chemistry is, perhaps, one of the most fundamental…
Electronegativity
Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons. This sharing allows each atom…
Polar Covalent Bonds
Electronegativity The elements with the highest ionization energies are generally those with…
What is the Octet Rule?
The octet rule dictates that atoms are most stable when their valence…
Covalent Bond
Covalent bond is a chemical bonding process in which pairs of electrons are shared…
Atomic Orbitals
An orbital is the quantum mechanical refinement of Bohr’s orbit. In contrast…
What is an atom?
Atoms are building blocks. If you want to create a language, you'll need…
Protein targeting
Protein targeting or protein sorting is the biological mechanism by which proteins are transported to their appropriate…
Gluconeogenesis
Gluconeogenesis quite literally translates as ‘the production of new glucose’. It is…


