How the immune system works
Our immune system is essential for our survival. Without an immune system, our bodies would be open to attack from bacteria, viruses, parasites, and more. It is our immune system…
Normal Anti-Bacterial Action
In most instances, bacteria are destroyed by the cooperative efforts of phagocytic cells, antibody and complement. A. Neutrophil (Phagocytic Cell) Engages Bacteria (Microbe): The microbe is coated with specific antibody and…
Immunoglobulin Structure
Each class or type of immunoglobulin shares properties in common with the others. They all have antigen binding sites which combine specifically with the foreign antigen. A. IgG: IgG is the…
Cells of the Immune System
A. Bone marrow: The site in the body where most of the cells of the immune system are produced as immature or stem cells. B. Stem cells: These cells have the potential…
The Immune System and Primary Immunodeficiency
Organization and Development of the Immune System The immune system is a wonderful collaboration between cells and proteins that work together to provide defense against infection. These cells and proteins…
Comparative Genomics Fact Sheet
Comparative genomics is a field of biological research in which researchers use a variety of tools to compare the complete genome sequences of different species. By carefully comparing characteristics that…
YEAST TWO-HYBRID PRINCIPLE
The development and gradual improvements of the yeast two-hybrid system since the early 90’s revolutionized the way protein interactions could be detected1. Yeast two-hybrid is based on the reconstitution of a…
Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) by Sequencing
Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) is used to generate library of short sequence tags, each of which is then used to uniquely identify a transcript, with multiple tags forming…
What is functional genomics?
Functional genomics is the study of how genes and intergenic regions of the genome contribute to different biological processes. A researcher in this field typically studies genes or regions on a “genome-wide”…
Radiation Hybrid Mapping
Radiation hybrid mapping is a genetic technique that was originally developed for constructing long-range maps of mammalian chromosomes . It is based on a statistical method to determine not only the distances…
