Latest Linear integrated circuits and applications News
Diffusion basics & constant source diffusion
In the previous chapter, we saw that the silicon should be changed…
X-ray Lithography
X-ray lithography uses collimated x-rays as the exposing energy. Being much shorter in…
Optical Lithography
The name optical lithography comes from the early application where the exposing…
Photomask manufacture
Introduction Photomasks used for optical lithography contain the pattern of the integrated…
photolithography
Photolithography is the standard method of printed circuit board (PCB) and microprocessor…
Physics of Thermal Oxidation
THERMAL OXIDATION is a chemical process, where silicon dioxide (SiO) is grown…
Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE)
MBE – overview MBE equipment MBE main blocks MBE process characteristics Effusion…
Crystal Growth and Wafer Preparation
In this process following subprocesses, are involved – (i) Crystal growing (ii)…
